Behavior Analysis and Professional Psychology
Tom Brigham
Washington
State University
This is the first of a series of pieces on professional psychology. What you may
well ask is
professional psychology? Answering that question will be the topic
of an up coming
column, but the focus of today's is a mild diatribe on why, for
behavior analysts, professional psychology should not be equated to clinical psychology.
Why is this apparently arcane distinction important? In a phrase, the growing hegemonyof
clinical psychologists over any social/behavior problem that can be given a name
and placed in the DSM-IVr manual as a syndrome is a threat to behavior analysts'
ability to work professionally in many areas of research, program development, and
intervention. As the saying goes, "Many of my best friends are clinical psychologists",
and I have spent much of my career training clinical psychologists. Further, I believe
behavior analysis has much to offer clinical psychology and vice versa. Nonetheless,
our clinical colleagues'
claims for dominion over every issue related to human
conduct outside the laboratory are
based on exaggerated arguments for the efficacy
of their therapies and the misguided
application of the medical model of psychopathology
to social problems. This usurpation
needs to be challenged.
The core of
my problem with clinical psychology is the medical model. In the late sixties
and
early seventies, it briefly appeared that the disease model would be discarded in
clinical
psychology as a function of both theoretical and empirical disproofs. Alas, this
modern
Hydra has proven as difficult to kill as its equally mythical and destructive
predecessor.
The interpretation of bad behavior as a symptom of an underlying disease
process
leads to claims of disciplinary primacy, unnecessary encumbrances to research,
ineffective
and costly interventions, and bad social policy. For these reasons even when
publishing
in therapy journals, I have always strongly resisted any efforts to classify my
research
and program development efforts as clinical or therapeutic. Behavior analytic
work
dealing with important social problems in all arenas can stand on its own without
the
sanction of clinical psychology.
Stating the obvious seems like an
appropriate way to end my first column for the TBA
News. I would like to get your
reactions and ideas for future columns and for the
development of the Professional
Psychology committee of the Ed. Board. You can e-mail
me at Brigham@mail.wsu.edu
or write to me at the Department of Psychology
Washington State University, Pullman,
WA 99164-4820.